API Key vs Token

Definitions

1. Two approaches to API authentication. API keys are long-lived, opaque strings tied to an account or project -- simple but risky if leaked (no expiration). Tokens (JWT, OAuth access tokens) are short-lived, carry claims (user, permissions, expiration), and are scoped to specific actions. Best practice: use OAuth tokens for user actions, API keys for server-to-server with IP allowlisting.

   In plain English: API keys are like permanent passwords for services; tokens are temporary passes with built-in expiration and permissions.

   Example: "Use an API key for the CI pipeline (server-to-server, IP-restricted) but OAuth tokens for user-facing API calls (short-lived, scoped permissions)."

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